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Archaic Length Measures Calculator

Historical Length Units:

From tiny barleycorns to vast leagues, explore length measurements used throughout history for surveying, sailing, trading, and daily life.

About Archaic Length Measures

Small Measures

  • Barleycorn: 1/3 of an inch - still used in UK shoe sizing (size 1 = 8.46mm)
  • Hand: 4 inches - still used to measure horse height at the withers
  • Cubit: ~18 inches - ancient measure based on forearm length (elbow to fingertip)
  • Ell: 45 inches - used in textile trade, originally based on arm length

Surveying Measures

  • Rod (Pole/Perch): 16.5 feet - basic surveying unit, length of an ox goad
  • Chain: 66 feet (4 rods) - Gunter's chain, revolutionized surveying in 1620
  • Furlong: 660 feet (1/8 mile) - "furrow long", length of medieval plowed field

Nautical Measures

  • Fathom: 6 feet - depth measurement, originally distance between outstretched arms
  • Cable: ~608 feet - 1/10 nautical mile, ship's cable length
  • Nautical Mile: 1,852 meters - one minute of latitude

Long Distance

  • League: ~3 miles - distance walkable in an hour, varies by region